Sea turtles and humans have been linked for as long as people have settled the coasts and plied the oceans. Coastal communities have depended upon sea turtles and their eggs for protein and other products for countless generations and, in many areas, continue to do so today. However, increased commercialization of sea turtle products over the course of the 20^th century has decimated many populations. Because sea turtles have complex life cycles during which individuals move among many habitats and travel across ocean basins, conservation requires a cooperative, international approach to management planning that recognizes inter-connections among habitats, sea turtle populations, and human populations, while applying the best available scientific knowledge.

To date our success in achieving both of these tasks has been minimal. Sea turtle species are recognized as "Critically Endangered," "Endangered" or "Vulnerable" by the World Conservation Union (IUCN). Most populations are depleted as a result of unsustainable harvest for meat, shell, oil, skins, and eggs. Tens of thousands of turtles die every year after

To ensure the survival of sea turtles, it is important that standard and appropriate guidelines and criteria be employed by field workers in all range states. Standardized conservation and management techniques encourage the collection of comparable data and enable the sharing of results among nations and regions. This manual seeks to address the need for standard guidelines and criteria, while at the same time acknowledging a growing constituency of field workers and policymakers seeking guidance with regard to when and why to invoke one management option over another, how to effectively implement the chosen option, and how to evaluate success. 

The IUCN Marine Turtle Specialist Group believes that proper management cannot occur in the absence of supporting and high quality research, and that scientific research should focus, whenever possible, on critical conservation issues. We intend for this manual to serve a global audience involved in the protection and management of sea turtle resources. Recognizing that the most successful sea turtle protection and management programs combine traditional census techniques with computerized databases, genetic analyses and satellite-based telemetry techniques that practitioners a generation ago could only dream about, we dedicate this manual to the resource managers of the 21^st century who will be facing increasingly complex resource management challenges, and for whom we hope this manual will provide both training and counsel.